[alexZ8]

https://www.researchgate.net/profile...d-reaction.pdf

http://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content.../1301.full.pdf

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12192669

Our observations may be considered in terms of biomolecular evolution. During the sequential development of anaerobic glycolysis, photosynthesis, and aerobic glycolysis, glucose rather than other stereoisomers has emerged as the universal metabolic fuel. This selectivity could be attributed to the stability of its ring' structure, owing to the equatorial orientation of its hydroxyl groups. This stable ring structure greatly retards the rate at which glucose condenses with hemoglobin and, presumably, other proteins and amino-containing compounds (14). Conversely, if organisms contained a comparatively high concentration of a metabolic fuel having a relatively unstable ring structure, it is likely that extensive covalent modification of proteins would occur along with potential impairment of function. This prediction is supported by our observations on rats fed a high galactose diet (5). (The stability of the ring structure of galactose is onetenth that of glucose.) The galactosemic rats had more extensive nonenzymatic glycosylation of lens crystallins than did normal rats or even diabetic rats (having elevated blood glucose). Thus, the relatively
high stability of its ring structure allows high concentrations of glucose and proteins to coexist in various tissues with a minimal risk of irreversible covalent modification.